Friday, 31 October 2008

Rozain-Boucharlat nursery

In the early 20th century, the Rozain-Boucharlat establishments were prolific hybidists. Their nursery’s at Cuires-les-Lyon, France was the origin of many canna cultivars. Their catalogue of the year 1910 documented 110 canna varieties, many of them being their own creations.

One of their principal successes was the obtaining of a pure pink colour which didn’t exist at that time (only pale pink and salmon pink existed). The obtaining of these cultivars C. ‘Francis Berthie’ and C. ‘Prince de Galles’ encouraged them to try for a purer colour. In 1922, the cultivar C. ‘Prince Charmant’ with its bright carmine pink colour brought the desired tone to the collection. This is still a popular cultivar, found in many collections.


However, the improvements didn’t stop there and in 1930, the Rozain-Boucharlat’s variety C. 'Centenaire de Rozain-Boucharlat', often shortened to C. 'Centenaire', appeared in their list. This variety which is small, floriferous, with big spikes and carmine, lilac shaded flowers is still found at many horticulturists' and cities’ green spaces. It was released in celebration of the first 100 years of the company.

Thursday, 30 October 2008

Catastrophic crop failure

The dependence on a monoculturely produced crop can lead to large scale catastrophic crop failures when the single genetic variant or cultivar becomes susceptible to a pathogen or when a change in normal weather patterns occur.

The Great Irish Famine (1845-1849) was caused by susceptibility of the potato to Phytophthora infestans. The wine industry in Europe was devastated by susceptibility to Phylloxera during the late 19th century. Each crop then had to be replaced by a new cultivar imported from another country that had used a different genetic variant that was not susceptible to the pathogen.

When I look at that field of virus contaminated cannas, I think that qualifies as a catastrophic monoculture crop failure as well. The picture originates from Keith Hayward's article on Canna virus. Unfortunately, we don't have anything that is immune to Canna virus at present. However, if that field had been rotated with another crop regularly, is it possible that it would not have occurred?

This brings the topic around to crop rotation. Crop rotation avoids a decrease in soil fertility, as growing the same crop repeatedly in the same place eventually depletes the soil of various nutrients, causing plant stress. Crop rotation is also used to control pests and diseases that can become established in the soil over time. Just adding chemical fertilizer does not avoid catastrophic crop failure.

There is no evidence to suggest that our major problem of viruses is transmitted through the soil, but the general rotation principles apply, and Cannas are a particularly hungry crop, quickly consuming whatever nutrients are present. It is actually an agricultural plant. Should we be thinking about rotating the locations in which we grow our Cannas?

Wednesday, 29 October 2008

New this year, Canna 'Jubilee'


A medium sized Premier Group cultivar; green foliage, ovoid shaped, branching habit; spikes of flowers are open, gold heavily spotted with orange-red, staminodes are large, edges irregular, stamen is gold heavily spotted with orange-red, style is gold, fully self-cleaning, outstanding bloomer; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white and purple; tillering is prolific.

Introduced by Malcolm Dalebö, Claines Canna Collection, Worcester, England, EU in 2008. Breeding is C. 'Eureka' x open.

Tuesday, 28 October 2008

End of the growing season arrives


At Claines Canna we have been visited by our first frosts, much earlier than normal, and the foliage has now been chopped down and lies covering and protecting the underground rhizome from any hard frosts.

The worst frosts that freeze the ground and destroy canna rhizomes in the ground do not normally arrive until January, traditionally the hardest weather month of the year, however, with the extreme weather changes that we are now experiencing we are taking no chances!

Normally the foliage would have gone straight away to composting in the 1 ton sacks you can see in the background, but this year they will provide frost protection while we lift the rhizomes.
Now begins the hard slog of lifting all the Cannas in the collection, splitting the stock plant rhizomes, planting about a third of each plant in the soil inside one of our polytunnels, there to over-winter for the next 6 months. The remainder of each clump will end-up either in the land-fill if not considered virus-free, or packed for despatch if it is considered to be a clean specimen.

The stock-plants have to now spend 6 months underground in the poly tunnels. That is half of their life. We are determined to spend more time this winter getting to understand how to over-winter optimally, rather than walking away for a rest from growing them over the summer. We will report next spring on our observations.

Monday, 27 October 2008

Mrs Sheppard requests assistance

Mrs Marcelle Sheppard, one our veteran Canna breeders, has requested that if you grow any of her Canna introductions please contact her, as several were lost and she would like to be reunited with them and to see them growing again in her garden.

Mrs Sheppard can be contacted at marcellescrinums@aol.com.

A list of the Canna cultivars introduced by Mrs Sheppard is as follows:

· Blushing Beauty

· Brocade

· Chinese Lantern

· Colortime

· Cremora

· Fantastic Red

· Gold Mine

· Heart Throb

· Honeycomb

· Lemonade

· Lunar Light

· New Dawn

· New Day

· New Era

· New Horizon

· New Sensation

· Orange Chiffon

· Orange County Texas

· Orange Delight

· Pale Beauty

· Peaches N Cream

· Pink Lace

· Phalia

· Porcelana

· Pretty Butterfly

· Pygmy Flame

· Red Ribbons

· Rose Beauty

· Rose Ribbons

· Scarlet Fever

· Spotted Fever

· Tangerine

· Topaz

· Tropical Sunrise

· Weinsap Red

· Zulu Apricot Nector

· Zulu Good Friends

· Zulu Maiden

· Zulu Masquerade

· Zulu King

· Zulu Princess

· Zulu Queen

· Zulu Rouge

· Zulu Warrior

Sunday, 26 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Petit Poucet'


A miniature Crozy Group cultivar; green foliage, oval shaped, branching habit; spikes of flowers are open, yellow speckled with red, staminodes are medium size, edges irregular, petals green, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white; tillering is slow.

We have no information on the background of this little delicacy, and any assistance towards it's history would be appreciated.

Saturday, 25 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Percy Lancaster'


A medium sized Crozy Group cultivar; green foliage, oval shaped, white margin, branching habit; round stems, coloured green; panicles of flowers are open, yellow heavily spotted with red, staminodes are large, edges ruffled, petals yellow, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules round.

Introduced by S. Percy-Lancaster, Alipore Cannas, Calcutta, India. In the collection of the Royal Agri-Horticultural Society , Alipore, Calcutta, India. Dr. Khoshoo & Dr. I. Guha: Evolution of Cultivated Canna, 1966.

Named by the breeder for his father, Mr Percy Lancaster who founded the Alipore Canna Collection in the early 1890's.

Friday, 24 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Perkeo'


A small Crozy Group cultivar; green foliage, oval shaped, maroon margin, upright habit; panicles of flowers are open, cerise-pink with a narrow yellow margin, staminodes are medium size, edges irregular, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white and pink; tillering is average.

Introduced by W. Pfitzer, Stadt Fellbach, Stuttgart, Germany, EU in 1949.

Synonyms: C. 'Evening Star', C. 'Fata Morgana', C. 'Fatamorgana', C. 'Francis Berti'

Thursday, 23 October 2008

Introducing Canna 'Milk Festival'


A medium sized aquatic cultivar, equally at home as a water marginal or in the border; green foliage, lanceolate shaped, upright habit; oval stems, coloured green; flowers are open, self-coloured white, staminodes are narrow, edges regular, petals green, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white; tillering is average.

Introduced by Far East Plants.

Wednesday, 22 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Stadt Fellbach'


A medium sized Crozy Group cultivar; green foliage, branching habit; panicles of flowers are open, self-coloured apricot, staminodes are large, outstanding bloomer; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type.

Introduced by the venerable old house of W. Pfitzer, Stadt Felbach, Stuttgart, Germany, EU in 1934. In 1933, there were about 150 Wilhelm Pfitzer employees worldwide. That same year, in order to celebrate the elevation of Fellbach to the status of a city, the firm named one of its best seedlings that year as Canna ‘Stadt Fellbach’, meaning ‘City of Fellbach’.

Synonym: C. 'Pfitzer’s Stadt Fellbach'

Tuesday, 21 October 2008

Introducing Canna 'Honey Mango'


A medium sized Crozy Group cultivar; green foliage, oval shaped, spreading habit; spikes of flowers are open, red-orange with orange-red spots, throat yellow speckled with red-orange, staminodes are large, edges regular, fully self-cleaning, good bloomer; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white and purple; tillering is average.

We know little about the origins of this cultivar, and whether it is just a synonym for an older, established specimen, Any help would be appreciated.

Monday, 20 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Heart Throb'


A small Crozy Group cultivar; green foliage; round stems, coloured green; spikes of flowers are open, crimson with a gold margin, staminodes are narrow, edges irregular, petals red, fully self-cleaning, good bloomer; fertile both ways, not known if true to type, not self-pollinating, capsules round. Introduced by Marcelle Sheppard, Texas, USA in the 1990's.

Breaks the Canna rule of 3 staminoides and a labellum, by providing an extra staminoide. Because the staminoides are spider-like and narrow there is space for the petals to be seen and their red/yellow colours complete an unusual picture.

Grown out from seed purchased from the Geo. W. Park Seed Company, of Greenwood, South Carolina, USA. The seed was called ‘Seven Dwarf Seeds’ and presumably was seed from that little known series of Cannas

Sunday, 19 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Harvest Gold'


A medium sized Premier Group cultivar; green foliage, oval shaped, branching habit; panicles of flowers are open, gold with deep-pink spots, staminodes are large, edges frilled, fully self-cleaning, average bloomer; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white; tillering is average.

It is not clear who introduced this cultivar, and any clues would be appreciated.

Saturday, 18 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Guayaquilla'


A tall Foliage Group cultivar; dark green foliage, large, oval shaped, maroon margin, spreading habit; oval stems, coloured red; spikes of flowers are erect, self-coloured yellow-orange, staminodes are long and narrow, edges regular, petals purple with farina, fully self-cleaning, low bloomer; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are thick, up to 7 cm in diameter.

The earliest reference to this cultivar is the book "Subtropical Gardening" by Robinson, first published in 1868.

Friday, 17 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Tarrytown'


A medium sized Italian Group cultivar; green foliage, oval shaped, branching habit; oval stems, coloured purple; flowers are red streaked with burnt-red, edges ruffled, fully self-cleaning, outstanding bloomer; seed is sterile, pollen is low fertile; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured pink and purple; tillering is average.

Introduced by Luther Burbank, California, USA in 1896.

Thursday, 16 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Constitution'


A medium sized Crozy Group cultivar; bronze foliage, oval-acuminate shaped, branching habit; oval stems, coloured purple; flowers are open, self-coloured pink (RHS 54C), throat cream, staminodes are large, edges irregular, stamen is yellow with pink markings; fertility unknown; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white and pink; tillering is average.

Introduced by R.J. Armstrong, of Longwood Gardens, USA.


Wednesday, 15 October 2008

Mineral deficiences in plants

In botany, chlorosis is a condition in which leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll. As chlorophyll is responsible for the green colour of leaves, chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white.

The affected plant has little or no ability to manufacture carbohydrates through photosynthesis and in extreme cases may die unless the cause of its chlorophyll insufficiency is treated. Specific nutrient deficiencies (often aggravated by high soil pH) produce chlorosis, which may be corrected by supplemental feedings of missing compounds in various combinations. Different mineral deficiencies act in subtly different ways.

Deficiency of Nitrogen (N)
The characteristic deficiency symptom of nitrogen is the appearance of uniform yellowing of leaves including the veins, this being more pronounced on older leaves. The leaves become stiff and erect. If the condition of nitrogen stress persists, then the result is decreased foliage and shoot growth.

Conditions inducing Nitrogen deficiency include heavy rain causing leeching, low organic matter content of soils, denitrifcation (losses of N2 and N2O to the atmosphere).

Deficiency of Magnesium (Mg)
Magnesium deficiency causes yellowing, but differs from that of nitrogen. The yellowing takes place in between veins of older leaves and veins remain green, this is followed by necrosis (unnatural death) of tissues. Interestingly, Mg deficiency may be induced in tomatoes by high levels of ammonium in the nutrient solution (Kafkafi et al., 1971).

Deficiency of Iron (Fe)
The principal veins remain conspicuously green and the surrounding portion of the younger leaves turn yellow.
Conditions inducing Iron deficiency include calcarous soils, soils high in P, Mn, Cu, or Zn, high rate of liming.

Deficiency of Potassium (K)
Under potassium stress condition, the yellowing of leaves starts from the tips or margins of leaves extending towards the center of leaf base. The yellowing is interveinal and these yellow parts become necrotic (dead spots) with leaf curling.

These are some of the more common causes of mineral deficiency, and as there are many more minerals making a contribution to the Cannas growth, then we can see that these are the first causes that should be investigated when chlorosis is spotted on foliage.

What is the best way to overcome these Environmental deficiences? Well, that is obviously to deliver the missing minerals to the chlorotic plant. The best immediate source of trace minerals is a liquid feed with seaweed fertilizer. However, that is only a temporary fix, as the basic soil deficiency has to be corrected by introducing the missing element(s).

And what happens if there is no improvement from the upgraded feeding regime? Then it is now time to think the worst and start considering the possibility of chlorosis induced by Canna virus, more of which later.

Tuesday, 14 October 2008

Introducing Canna 'Severn'


A medium sized aquatic cultivar, equally at home as a water marginal or in the border; dark green foliage, lanceolate shaped, upright habit; round stems, coloured green; panicles of flowers are open, gold with faint red spots, staminodes are narrow, edges regular, petals yellow, fully self-cleaning, outstanding bloomer; fertile both ways, self-pollinating and true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are long and thin, coloured white and pink; tillering is average.

Introduced by Malcolm Dalebö, Claines Canna Collection, Worcester, England, EU in 2006. The breeding is Canna 'Avon' x C. 'Endeavour'.

The Claines Canna Aquatics have been bred to populate garden ponds that are just a few metres square, compared with the much larger Longwood Aquatics destined for huge ponds and lakes.

Monday, 13 October 2008

Introducing Canna 'Trent'


A medium sized aquatic cultivar, equally at home as a water marginal or in the border; glaucous green foliage, lanceolate shaped, upright habit; flowers are open, self-coloured sulphur-yellow, staminodes are long and narrow, edges irregular, labellum is burnt-red with a wide sulphur-yellow margin, stamen is burnt-red, style is sulphur-yellow, petals yellow, fully self-cleaning, good bloomer; fertile both ways, self-pollinating but not true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are long and thin, coloured white; tillering is average.

Introduced by Malcolm Dalebö, Claines Canna Collection, Worcester, England, EU in 2007. The breeding is Canna 'Endeavor' x C. 'Thames'.

The Claines Canna Aquatics have been bred to populate garden ponds that are just a few metres square, compared with the much larger Longwood Aquatics destined for huge ponds and lakes.

Sunday, 12 October 2008

Introducing Canna 'Mersey'


A medium sized aquatic cultivar, equally at home as a water marginal or in the border; light green foliage, lanceolate shaped, upright habit; spikes of flowers are open, self-coloured cerise-pink, staminodes are long and narrow, edges irregular, petals yellow, fully self-cleaning, good bloomer; fertile both ways, self-pollinating but not true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are long and thin, coloured white and pink; tillering is average.

Introduced by Malcolm Dalebö, Claines Canna Collection, Worcester, England, EU in 2007. The breeding is Canna 'Avon' x C. 'Wye'.

The Claines Canna Aquatics have been bred to populate garden ponds that are just a few metres square, compared with the much larger Longwood Aquatics destined for huge ponds and lakes.

Saturday, 11 October 2008

Introducing Canna 'Teme'


A small aquatic cultivar, equally at home as a water marginal or in the border; glaucous green foliage, lanceolate shaped, upright habit; round stems, coloured green; panicles of flowers are open, self-coloured ivory, staminodes are narrow, edges regular, petals yellow, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, self-pollinating but not true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are long and thin, coloured white; tillering is slow.

Introduced by Malcolm Dalebö, Claines Canna Collection, Worcester, England, EU in 2005. An F1 hybrid cross of Canna indica x Canna glauca

The Claines Canna Aquatics have been bred to populate garden ponds that are just a few metres square, compared with the much larger Longwood Aquatics destined for huge ponds and lakes.

Friday, 10 October 2008

Introducing Canna 'Wye'


A small aquatic cultivar, equally at home as a water marginal or in the border; glaucous green foliage, lanceolate shaped, upright habit; spikes of flowers are reflexed, pink tinged with canary-yellow, staminodes are narrow, edges irregular, petals yellow, fully self-cleaning, good bloomer; fertile both ways, self-pollinating and true to type, capsules ellipsoid; rhizomes are long and thin, coloured white; tillering is average.

Introduced by Malcolm Dalebö, Claines Canna Collection, Worcester, England, EU in 2006. It is a seedling of C. ‘Teme’ x self.

The Claines Canna Aquatics have been bred to populate garden ponds that are just a few metres square, compared with the much larger Longwood Aquatics destined for huge ponds and lakes.

Thursday, 9 October 2008

New joint Canna Sales announced

The Canna Wizard of Oz, Bernard Yorke, of Park Ridge, Australia, has been breeding and hybridizing cannas on his Queensland property for many years.

On his retirement from business, Bernard created a mail order business selling Cannas which he called CANNABIZ. This has been operating for some years.

Now it is announced that when International buyers access the CANNABIZ site to purchase cannas, they can also purchase from the Classical Collection of cannas called CANPELKNI BLOOMS, see link below. By purchasing from these two joint collections, buyers can save on permit fees as well as postage. i.e. CANNABIZ can combine both shipments in the one consignment.


Link to Canpelkni Blooms

Link to Cannas by Bernard Yorke


Wednesday, 8 October 2008

Introducing Canna 'Avon'


A small aquatic cultivar, equally at home as a water marginal or in the border; glaucous green foliage, lanceolate shaped, upright habit; round stems, coloured green; panicles of flowers are open, pale yellow speckled with cerise, staminodes are narrow, edges regular, style is red, petals yellow, fully self-cleaning, average bloomer; fertile both ways, self-pollinating but not true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are long and thin, coloured white; tillering is slow.

Introduced by Malcolm Dalebö, Claines Canna Collection, Worcester, England, EU in 2006. A seedling of C. ‘Teme’ x self.

Tuesday, 7 October 2008

Why more aquatic cultivars?

About seven years ago I built a small pond in the garden, its dimensions are about 2 metres by 1 metre. Not very large, but in keeping with the size of the garden. This is typical of garden ponds in the UK, somewhere for a couple of fish, a small fountain, a few aquatic plants, especially a water lily, and the inevitable frogs.

Naturally, I immediately planted the Longwood series of aquatic Canna in the special aquatic pots and settled back to enjoy them. True to their reputation they did not fail me as they are true aquatics, flourishing under 15-20cm (approx 6 inches) of water and they grew and they grew. This was their failing for me, they are far too large for a small garden pond. Their height made the pool, which was my pride and joy, look like a small puddle.

The Longwood aquatic cultivars were bred for the large ornamental ponds and lakes of Longwood garden, not for the typical suburban garden puddle. The series consists of Cannas 'Endeavor', 'Ra', 'Erebus' and 'Taney'. My favourite is probably C. 'Erebus', a fine pink specimen, but the intense yellow of C. 'Ra' (below right) is always eye-catching, and the unusual apricot/salmon orange colour of C. 'Taney' is always interesting and last, but not least, we have C. 'Endeavor' (above right), with its attractive bright red flowers.

However, I digress. We had already recreated the earliest Canna species cross, having crossed C. glauca with C. indica. However, instead of obtaining the 2 metre (6'6") tall C. 'Annei', we had obtained seedlings that grew to under 1 metre (3'3"), but with the same glaucous blue, lance shaped foliage. So we decided to see if we could create a series of aquatic cultivars based on these seedlings which all took after the aquatic C, glauca, and more suitable for the small garden pond than the expansive ponds and lakes of Longwood Gardens.

Eventually we ended up with Canna 'Avon', a pale yellow speckled with cerise, Canna 'Severn', which is a golden yellow with some small red spotting, C. 'Usk', that is a distinctive self-coloured burnt-red, C. 'Wye', which is pink tinged with canary-yellow, and C. 'Teme', the 'white' of the series, but really a pleasant self-coloured ivory. Others are still undergoing evaluation, and we are still trying to create the difficult orange one.

Was it worth while? I think so, they look just right and in balance in our small pool, and we find that the gaucous blue, lance shaped foliage that they all share adds the final touch of elegance.

Over the next weeks we will try and post articles on some of these new cultivars.

Monday, 6 October 2008

New Canna Australian Group


Bernard Yorke, of Australia, has confirmed that after contemplating many names for the new Canna cultivar group he has created, he has settled for the name Australian Group.

The members of this new cultivar group are instantly recognisable for their very large foliage, inherited from the Foliage Group that provided the seed parent, and the large flowers, inherited from the Italian Group that provided the pollen. The actual cross was C. 'Red Stripe' x C. 'Bengal Tiger'.

Members of this new Canna Group were entered into the 2008 International Canna Trial and received praise from visitors.

Link to Cannas by Bernard Yorke


Canna News: Canna cultivar groups

Link to a previous blog on the subject of Canna cultivar groups

Sunday, 5 October 2008

Winter makes an early appearance

Winter makes an early chilly appearance as all hopes of an Indian summer are washed away in the UK.

Only a week ago, the sun was out and it almost felt like the summer we never had.

There was even optimistic talk of a dry season.

We really should have known better. For torrential downpours and gale force winds hit us this weekend.

Following the relatively sunny and dry end to September, classic autumn conditions are now likely in many areas. But that pleasant spell has allowed the country to dry up sufficiently to mean there is no immediate danger of more flooding.

It does, however, mean that we have given up hope of finishing the Canna growing season with a flourish. From now on we will concentrate on digging up the collection, and replanting in the polytunnels, ready for what is threatened to be a hard, cold autumn and winter.

Saturday, 4 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Compte de Bouchaud'


A medium sized Crozy Group cultivar; green foliage, oblong shaped, spreading habit; round stems, coloured green; flowers are open, yellow with red spots, staminodes are medium size, edges regular, petals green; fertile both ways, not known if true to type, not self-pollinating, capsules globose. Introduced by A. Crozy, Lyon, France in 1895.


Earliest reference in the 1896 Veitch Catalogue. Awarded the RHS Award of Merit in 1897. Known as the "Leopard Spotted Canna". Still available in the European Union.

Awards: 1897, Award of Merit, Royal Horticultural Society.

Friday, 3 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Sky Hawk'


A giant Foliage Group cultivar; dark chocolate foliage, very large, ovoid shaped, maroon margin, spreading habit; oval stems, coloured green + purple; spikes of flowers are erect, self-coloured orange-red, staminodes are long and narrow, edges regular, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, not true to type, self-pollinating, capsules round; rhizomes are thick, up to 7 cm in diameter, coloured white and purple; tillering is prolific.

Introduced by Johnny K. Johnson, USA.



The giant of our collection. J.J. excelled himself with this one. Red-edged, chocolate coloured gigantic leaves on red stems. The flowers are carried so high you won't reach them without a ladder. They are long spikes of large orange/red orchid shaped blooms. Size up to 3.3m (11').

Thursday, 2 October 2008

Revisiting Canna 'Soudan'


A medium sized Italian Group cultivar; dark foliage, large, ovoid shaped, branching habit; flowers are open, self-coloured orange, staminodes are large, edges lightly frilled, fully self-cleaning, average bloomer; seed is sterile, pollen is low fertile; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured purple.

It had been asserted that this was just a synonym of C. 'Wyoming', but Malcolm McFarland has researched this and provided photographic evidence of the differences between the two, clearly showing this to be a distinct and separate variety, although very similar to the Burbank introduced C. 'Wyoming'.

Wednesday, 1 October 2008

Visiting MV Canna

A nautical flavour to the blog today describing how MV Canna was the penultimate Island Class ferry to be built to ferry traffic between the Scottish Islands.


She was launched on 31st October 1975, and entered service at the end of January the following year on the Portree - Raasay route.


Over the intervening years Canna has been used on most of the inter-island routes and in the late 1990's took over the Rathlin ferry service.

To this day the CANNA has been the regular Rathlin ferry on the 45 minute sailing and curiously enough she is the only ferry in the fleet that is scheduled to make a sailing on Christmas Day each year, giving one return sailing from Rathlin and back

Canna is still in service, however from 1st July this year, she left the CMAL fleet when new operators took over the route and she was chartered to the O'Driscoll's company.

So, the question is - does this vessel belong in the Island Series of Canna?